Crop Genebank Knowledge Base

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Management strategies
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CGKB News and events Management strategies

Weeds (common bean)

Contributors to this page: CIAT, Colombia (Maritza Cuervo, Cesar Medina, Jose Luis Ramirez, Socorro Balcazar, Josefina Martinez, Daniel Debouck).

Safe transfer of forage legume germplasm

Contributors to this page are: CIAT, Colombia (Maritza Cuervo, Cesar Medina, Jose Luis Ramirez, Socorro Balcazar, Josefina Martinez, Daniel Debouck); ILRI, Ethiopia (Jean Hanson, Janice Proud, Juvy Cantrell); ICARDA, Syria (Siham Asaad).

Forage legumes under the custody of the CGIAR include a very large group of species. In CIAT, forage legumes are part of what the center commonly refers to as Tropical Pastures although some of these species also grow in more temperate environments. CIAT list of tropical pasture also includes non legume species. In ILRI the forages legumes are listed separately from the forage grasses, incorporating tropical and temperate species. ICARDA mostly deals with temperate and mediterranean forage legumes.

This page includes sections on:

Import/export of forage legume germplasm

Contributors to this page are: CIAT, Colombia (Maritza Cuervo, Cesar Medina, Jose Luis Ramirez, Socorro Balcazar, Josefina Martinez, Daniel Debouck); ILRI, Ethiopia (Jean Hanson, Janice Proud, Juvy Cantrell); ICARDA, Syria (Siham Asaad).

CIAT has a plant quarantine agreement with ICA (Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario) establishing guidelines to facilitate germplasm exchange. The agreement permits the transit of seed through customs and quarantine stations according to the level of potential risk of introducing pests and diseases not yet reported in Colombia. ICA has established quarantine procedures to regulate the introduction of plant germplasm and for issuing of phytosanitary certificates.

ILRI follows the current host country regulations of Ethiopia, for the importation of plant materials. Application for import of plant materials stating common name, botanical name and quantity is made to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Plant Quarantine Service. A plant importation permit is issued indicating any specific conditions for the species and materials are inspected on entry before being released for use. Export of materials follows a similar process with application to the same office and inspection before a phytosanitory certificate is issued.

 

Guidelines for the safe transfer of forage legume germplasm

Contributors to this page are: CIAT, Colombia (Maritza Cuervo, Cesar Medina, Jose Luis Ramirez, Socorro Balcazar, Josefina Martinez, Daniel Debouck); ILRI, Ethiopia (Jean Hanson, Janice Proud, Juvy Cantrell); ICARDA, Syria (Siham Asaad).

Technical Guidelines for the Safe Transfer of Germplasm and the Protection of CGIAR Germplasm Banks

Pathogens of quarantine significance of forage legume (CIAT, ILRI, ICARDA)

Viruses
Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV, A1MV)
Synonyms: Lucerne mosaic virus, Potato calico virus
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV)
Synonyms: Mungbean mosaic virus (MBRV), Bean common mosaic virus — serotype B, Azuki bean mosaic virus, Bean mosaic virus, Bean western mosaic virus (Bos, 1964), Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (305, mungbean mosaic virus (Abu Kassim, 1981; Kaiser and Mossahebi, 1974; Rao et al., 1986), Peanut stripe virus, Peanut mild mottle virus, Peanut chlorotic ring mottle virus, Sesame yellow mosaic virus
Bean southern mosaic virus (SBMV)
Synonyms: Southern bean mosaic virus, Southern bean mosaic virus 1
Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV)
Synonym: Pea mosaic virus, Bean virus 2, Canna mosaic virus (Brierley and Smith, 1948), Gladiolus mosaic virus, Gloriosa stripe mosaic virus
Centrosema mosaic virus (CenMov)
Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), Other acronym: CpMV
Synonyms: Cowpea yellow mosaic virus (CYMV), Cowpea mosaic yellow strain virus (CMYSV), Cowpea mosaic virus, SB isolate          
Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV); Other acronym: PMoV, PnMV
Synonyms: Groundnut mottle virus, Peanut mild mosaic virus, Peanut severe mosaic virus.
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), Other acronym SbMV
Bacteria
Xanthomonas campestris pv. cajani (Kulkarni, Patel and Abhyaankar 1950) Dye 1978b
            Synonym: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cajani (Kulkarni, et al. 1950) Vauterin et al. 1995
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli
Pseudomonas syringae van Hall
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola
Pseudomonas fluorescens biotipo II Migula
Curtobacterium flaccumfasciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Hedges) Collins & Jones
Fungi
Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler
Synonym: Alternaria tenuis (Nees)
Ascochyta spp. 
Ascochyta phaseolorum Sacc. 
Synonym: Phoma exigua Desmaz. var. Exigua
Ascochyta graminícola Sacc.
Ascochyta paspali (H. Sydow) Punith
Botrytis cinerea Pers. 1794 (Teleomorph. Sclerotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Fuckel)
Cercospora canescens Ellis & G. Martin
Synonym: Mycosphaerella cruenta Latham
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)Penz. and Sacc.
Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus & W.D. Moore 1935
Synonyms:Colletotrichum dematium f. truncatum, Vermicularia truncata
Curvularia spp.  
Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn 1933 
Synonym: Cochliobolus lunatus R.R. Nelson & Haasis 1964
Curvularia verruculosa Tandon & Bilgami
Synonym: Pseudocochliobolus verruculosus Tsuda et Ueyama
Curvularia trifolii Kauffman Boedijn 1933
Fusarium oxysprorum        Schlecht. Emend. Snyd. & Hans. f.sp. ciceri (Padwick) Snyd. & Hans
Synonyms: Fusarium lateritium f. ciceris, Fusarium merismoides f. ciceris, Fusarium orthoceras var. ciceris
Macrophoma species
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid,
Anamoprh: Rhizoctonia bataticola
Synonyms: Botryodiplodia phaseoli, Dothiorella cajani, Dothiorella phaseoli, Dothiorella philippinensis, Fusicoccum cajani, Macrophoma cajani, Macrophoma corchori, Macrophoma phaseoli, Macrophoma phaseolina, Macrophoma sesami, Macrophomina phaseoli, Macrophomina philippinensis, Rhizoctonia lamellifera, Sclerotium bataticola,  Tiarosporella phaseoli,
Tiarosporella phaseolina
Penicillium sp.
Penicillium puberulumBainern1907  
Synonym: Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx 1901
Penicillium viridicatum Westling 1911 
Synonym: Penicillium aurantiogriseumvar viridicatum (Westling) Frisvad & Filt 1990
Penicillium verruculosum Peyronel 1913
Penicillium citrinum Tom 1910
Penicillium islandicum Sopp 1912
Penicillium urticae Bainer 1907
Synonym: Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx
Pestalotia spp.
Pestalotiopsis sp.
Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc.) Ferraris
Synonym: Isariopsis griseola Sacc.
Phoma exigua Desmaz. var. diversispora (Bubak) Boerema 
Synonym: P. diversispora Bubak
Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) Boerema, Dorenb, and van Kest.
Phomopsis spp. (Teleomorph. Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke and Ell.) Sacc.)
Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn 1858 (Teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk.)
Synonym: Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk 1956
Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo (Teleomrph. Corticium rolfsii Curzi)
Sphaceloma arachidis Bitanc. & Jenk. [reported in Arachidis spp. by Lenné, 1994.
Insects
Acantoscelides sp.
Zabrotes spp.
Nematodes
Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev
Meloidogyne spp.

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International Agricultural Research Centres who worked together to make this site possible:
Africa Rice Center | Bioversity International | CIAT | CIMMYT | CIP | ICARDA | ICRISAT | IFPRI | IITA | ILRI | IRRI |

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